health tips
Four Steps To Grow Taller Naturally
July 20, 2011 | 
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It may seem impossible to learn to grow. By focusing on the natural resources of your body in a reactive mode, with specific actions that you can teach your body to grow naturally, efficiently, and above all, safe.
Surprisingly, nutrition is the first step to grow. Your body needs adequate nutrients to grow as much as it requires them to be healthy and fit. Good nutrition is the most important step in maintaining a healthy lifestyle, which in turn is crucial to increase your height. Include polyunsaturated fats like sunflower oil and corn oil with omega three fatty acids such as salmon, soy oil, and herring. Finally, get plenty of protein in the form of low-fat dairy products, chicken, turkey, and even protein powder.
Then, incorporate some grow taller exercises into your daily routine. Your body uses the rest of the cells to repair and replace old cells die. Find out how much your body needs to sleep each night to function effectively. There are also some supplements that can help the body grow taller, while you were sleeping.
Meanwhile, the fourth step is to take advantage of the methods that can grow naturally. For example, avoiding the horizontal lines. Vertical lines or streaks can help you look taller and slimmer. Clothing with pictures or controlled can make you look shorter. Finally, avoid clothing made from fabrics or bulky, as they add weight and make it look shorter.
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7 Benefits of Healthy Lifestyle
Here are 7 benefits of a healthy lifestyle.
For all ages, weights and capacities to benefit from a healthy lifestyle are endless.
1. Your Health:
Other benefits include: reduced health care costs, reduce injuries, illnesses and reduce medical visits’ will keep you in employment and improve employee / employer relations.
2. Weight:
Managing your weight is the key to all the health benefits of a healthy lifestyle. Exercise and a healthy diet helps the body use insulin more efficiently and can help control, alleviate and prevent many diseases. Exercise, quit smoking, eat a high fiber, low fat diet, controlling body weight, and learn to manage stress, reduce the risk of heart disease.
Healthy living is truly the best medicine. A healthy lifestyle can increase a person’s longevity. Make sure your heart is healthy and strong bones and continues to see the benefits of a healthy lifestyle.
7. Control:
With a healthy lifestyle, everything works together to help other aspects of their lifestyle and feel you have. Science has shown that healthy weight loss, healthy eating and fitness routines to improve health and help control common chronic diseases like high cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, stress and a general lack of resistance.
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Prostate Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Introduction:-
Prostate is a glandular organ present only in males. It surrounds the neck of bladder & the first part of urethra and condributes a secretion to the semen. The gland is conical in shape and measures 3 cm in vertical diameter and 4 cm in transverse diameter.It has got five lobes anterior,posterior,two lateral and a median lobe.Since the first part of the urethra pass through it any lesion in the prostate will produce difficulty in passing urine.
Diseases of the prostate gland:-
1) Prostatitis:-
This is the inflamation of the prostate gland due to bacterial infection.
2) Benign enlargement of the prostate:-
This is a non cancerous tumour of the prostate seen after the age of 50. 3,Cancer of the prostate:-This is the 4th most common cause of death from malignant diseases in males.
Cancer of the prostate.
Cancer of the prostate is directly linked with the male sex hormones(androgens).If the levels of sex hormone increases the growth rate of cancer also increases.It is found that after the removel of testes there is marked reduction in the size of tumour.
Site of tumour:-
Prostate cancer is seen mainly in the posterior lobe.Non cancerous enlargement is seen in other lobes.
Changes in the gland in cancer:-
The gland becomes hard with irregular surface with loss of normal lobulation .Histologically prostate cancer is an adeno carcinoma(cancer of the epithelial cells in the gland)
Growth :-
Growth rate is very fast in prostate cancer .The tumour compresses the urethra and produce difficulty in urination.
Spread of tumour:-
Metastasis in cancer of prostate is very early.
1) Local spread:-
From the posterior lobe the cancer cells go to the lateral lobes and seminal vesicles.Tumour cells also move to the neck and base of the urinary bladder.
2) Lymphatic spread:-
Through the lymph vessels cancer cells reach the internal and external illiac group of lymph nodes.From there cells move to retroperitonial(Behind the peritonium) and mediastinal lymph nodes(in the chest)
3) Spread through the blood:-
Spread of cancer cells takeplace through the periprostatic venous plexus and reaches the vertebral veins while coughing and sneezing and finally enders the vertebral bodies of the lumbar vertebrae.
Signs and symptoms of prostate cancer:–
Signs and symptoms depend upon the stage of the cancer. The following symptoms may be seen.
1) No symptoms:-
Tumour is small and only in the posterior lobe. This is diagnosed accidentely.
2) Slight difficulty in urination:-
Here the tumour is enlarged and urethra is slightly compressed.Shortly there will be frequent urge for urination with difficult urination.
3) When the tumour spread to all nearby areas including neck of bladder and urethra there will be painful urination with bleeding.Urine comes drop by drop.
4) Retention of urine:-
When the urethra is completely compressed there will be retention of urine.This can lead to hydronephrosis, renal failure ect.In this condition patient may get convulsions due to renal failure and finally coma.
5) Signs of metastasis:-
Some patients come with the signs and symptoms of metastasis.
a) Lumbo sacral pain due to spread of cancer cells to lumbar and sacral vertebrae.
b) Fracture of spine due to cancerous growth in the spine.
c) Swelling, pain and fluid collection in the abdomen due to lesion in the abdomen.
d) Respiratory complaints due to cancer of mediastinal lymphnodes and lungs.
e) General weakness due to spread of cancer to different parts of the body.
f) Anaemia due to involment of bone marrow and increased destruction of RBCs.
Clinical examination :-
Includes per rectal examination to feel the prostate gland,palpation of abdomen to feel the swelling in kidneys and any tumours.Patient is examined from head to foot to find out any lesions.
Investigations:-
1) Complete blood investigations;-
RBC,WBC,Platlets,ESR,bleeding time ,clotting time ect.
2) Urine analysis:-
Microscopic examination to detect pus cells,occult blood,casts,Crystals ect.
3) Renal function tests:-
Blood urea level,serum creatinine level,electrolyte level ect.
4) Serum acid phosphatase:-
Increased in cancer of prostate.
5) x-ray of the spine:-
To detect any tumour or fracture.
6) Ultra sonography;-
Gives idea about prostate,bladder,kidney ect.
7) C T scan:-
More detailed information about organs and tumour.
MRI of the spine:-
Gives detailed information about spine ,disc and nearby soft tissues.
9) Lymphangiography:-
Gives idea about lymphatic spread of cancer.
10) Biopsy to confirm cancer:-
Biopsy is taken from the tumour and is send for histopathological examination under the microscope.This will detect the presence of cancer cells.
Treatment:-
1) If there is retention of urine catheterisation is needed.
2) Dialysis if kidney failure.
3) If there is coma monitoring of all vital functions along with parentral nutrition and electolyte supply.
4) Specific treatment is prostatectomy(removal of prostate)
Partial prostatectomy :-
Here only the affected lobe is removed.
Radical prostatectomy :-
Total removal of prostate along with nearby lymphnodes.
5, Hormone therapy :-
Stilbestrol is given to reduce tumour growth.Since this treatement increases the chance for cardiovascular disease phosphorylated diethyle stilbesterol is used nowadays.
6) Chemotherapy:-Drugs like cyclophosphamide, cisoplatim ect are given.
7) Radiotherapy is also done for some cases.
Homoeopathy:-
Homoeopathic drugs like carcinocin, conium, sabal, crotalus, thuja, iodum, selinium, staphysagria, sulphur ect can be given according to symptoms.Constitutional homoeopathic medicine will give great relief and can increase the life span.
9) Yoga and meditation is also healpful.
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Homoeopathy
Homoeopathy
Introduction
Homoeopathy is a system of medicine introduced by a german physician Dr Samuel Hahnemann.He was basically an allopathic doctor who has single the practise because of side effects also stopgap boost of symptoms of allopathy.For his bread further butter he started translating the medical books to different languages.While he was translating cullen’s materia medica he came across a herbal medicine called cinchona.It was written that cinchona responsibility mend malaria and it boundness also produce symptoms similar to malaria on vigorous individuals.This iota clicked hahnemann’s bent again he imaginary an void of cinchona bark and taken himself.To his astonish he developed some symptoms of malaria like chills and achings.He started proof the aligned experiment on different individuals and the accommodation was the same.
By this experiment hahnemann came to apperceive that apportionment drug which trust accomplish a set of symptoms on a flourishing humanbeing can be used to cure the twin symptoms in a diseased person.He gave cinchona to various malaria patients and the result was wonderful again a articulation called homoeopathy originated.The word homoeo means similar,pathy portion suffering.The basic incitement of homoeopathy is ‘similia similibus curantur’ means take to cures cure.Hahnemann fictional some far cry drugs using alcohol as a vehicle also even now experimenting on colorful age groups besides noted down the symptoms produced in them.He legit almost 30 drugs and the symptoms produced were superior down systematically.The symptoms cold by drug proving were categorised hold the order mastery a book formulate named materia medica pura.
Hahnemann noticed that by diluting the illiterate drug substences in racket a strenuous power is developed and is explainable as adequate the symptoms on healthy people.Hahnemann contemporary giving treatement to somany diseased persons lock up the medicines imaginary by him on applying the principle similia similibus curantur and got fine cures and homoeopathy started spreading undiminished due to the world.
He gave medicines to some patients and noticed that symptoms are nearing back again.So he implied that the cause for the infection should perform treated .coming doing experiments besides observations he came to know that diseases are really caused by some dynamic forces and he named them as miasms.[psora ,syphilis,sycosis] He noticed that to cure a person fairly these miasms should factor eradicated using a similar dynamic force.This judgment lead to antimiasmatic drugs which are drugs having infection telling power alike to miasms.He developed colorless miasmatic drugs besides experimented on diseased proletariat further got delightful cures.
Developement of homoeopathy
The goods of homoeopathy was written in book form and he named it organon of medicine.Lateron he started publishing these works further six editions of organon were published.Right from the spring of homoeopathy somany doctors of other system even now haste inveigh homoeopathy.But those who were against homoeopathy lateron came to know the detail unpunctual homoeopathy and started practising the same.Physicians like Dr J T Kent,Dr Hering,Dr Boenonghausen ect followed Dr hahnemann’s mission and developed the system.They unimpaired in process preparing somany other drugs on the jumping-off place of guidlines inured by Hahnemann.Physicians came to know that by diluting the drug substance in spirit in a systematic drawing near the medicinal power is increasing eventhough the quantity of drug decreases.Since diseases are well-timed to powerful causes the medicine besides should stage dynamic.By a process called potentisation commensurate drug clout offbeat levels of potencies were made.They found that by boost the potency the nipping power of medicine is new so that present act on a dominant level than the run-of-the-mill material invest of drugs used in other systems.This unique temper of homoeopathic medicine is the reason for the stunning cures of even the berserk diseases.
wearisome principles
Homoeopathy treats the diseased individual as a whole reasonably than treating diseased parts or organs.The physical,mental,emotional,social spheres of a partner is considered for a surviving cure.This system believes that the diseases are caused due to the derangement of vigorous work which is an unexposed power pull every individual.In a hale delineate the compelling force maintains the equilibrium of trust frame also all powerful .During this man will posit distinguishing sensations and functions.When the vital plan gets affected there consign be alien manifestations in the form of notation besides symptoms.The imbalance dominion the body functions makes a tuck away considering forign organisms(bacteria,viruses,fungi,protozoa ect) again give blessing them to proliferate &produce thus called diseases.Homoeopathy believes thet the positive desease comes before the bacteria & viruses,hence the inception cause of the disease has to epitomize treated for a permenent cure.The antibacterial and antiviral agents only remove the inferior causes mentioned above.
Diseases are produced by harmful morbific agents called Miasms which are dynamic influences which disturb the vital force.There are mainly three miasms PSORA ,SYPHILIS&SYCOSIS. These three causes are accepted by other schools of medicine but called by colorful names. Psora causes utilitarian disturbances, syphilis causes structural changes effect the form of destructions and sycosis causes changes consequence the forge of overgrowth.These three miasms care act individually or in combined dream up to consummate unsimilar sickness conditions.
Preperation of medicine in homoeopathy
In homoeopathy medicines are prepared from different sources like minerals, plants, animals, toxins, diseased parts ect. Medicines are mythical from these substances by a special vitality called potentisation.Here the soluble substances are potentised by diluting(mixing with bit with a downward fondle) with spirit and insoluble substances by grinding(trituration) with sugar of milk.The uncultured drug sense is first mixed with a calculated quantity of bag besides water and kept for few days .From this mixture void is partisan and is called mungo tincture(denoted because Q).From this mother tincture dilutions are trumped-up by potentisation.Potentisation is a mathematical rush by which the symbol of original drug substance reduces but medicinal power increases. Depending upon the scale of quantity of drug substance besides vehicle(spirit or sugar of milk)there are individual scales because this process.Each pattern has got different potencies which testify to power of medicine.Example mastery decimal scale the drug importance vat ratio is1/10 again the availables potencies are 3x,6x.12x ect.In centismal method the ratio is 1/100 and the available potencies are 30c,200c ect,in LM potency the degree is 1/50000 and the available potencies are 0/1,0/2,0/3 ect.Potency is written after the offer of every medicine
Same medicine is available in different potencies. Suitable potency is selected according to therefore multiplied facters like severity,depth of disease,condition of the patient ,nature of disease ,type of symptoms,age of patient and ect.
Subjects studied in homoeopathy:-
History of medicine
History & developement of homoeopathy
Pioneers of homoeopathy
Organon of medicine
Homoeopathic philosophy
Materia medica
Homoeopathic pharmacy & pharmacognosy
Homoeopathic repertory
Homoeopathic case taking
Homoeopathic therapeutics
General medical subjects:
( Anatomy,physiology,pathology,microbiology,parasitology,toxicology,forensic medicine,social & defence medicine,surgery ,ENT ,gynaecology & obstetrics, opthalmology, dentistry, orthopedics, surgery,general medicine,pediatrics,dermatology ,psychiatry and ect)
Homoeopathic case taking again prescription.
Cure by a homoeopathic medicine is pronto ,gentle also permenent if good treat fame helpful dose is given. . Just giving one drug now unaccompanied disease (diagnostic drugs)may not allot just result.To blow in to a correct remedial diagnosis we should take it the symptomatology of the comrade .It is the overturn symptoms of a person which includes maniacal generals,physical generals,particular symptoms ect.
All code and symptoms (mental&physical)of the man is taken in detail.Knowledge about bygone illness,family history of diseases,food & bowel habits,notable causes,relation to climatic changes and physique ect are esteemed left moment a systematic order.
Mental symptoms:
Example: fear,anxiety,depression,anger,jealousy besides ect….
Physical symptoms:
Example: habit makeup, appetite, thirst, desires, aversions, bowels, urination, sleep, taste, estimation of smell, discharges installment divergent sensations like pain, burning, climatic changes, thermal relations, also etc…
Peculiar several symptoms:
This is the speciality of homoeopathic system of medicine.For the benchmark of a crucial remedy these symptoms are too much important.common symptoms which are empitic almost in entire patients are numero uno important. This is the acknowledge thanks to giving different medicines to different people stricken from same disease.Example: Five kinsfolk wounded from typhoid may get five antithetic remedies being of changes of indicative symptoms.
Particular/local signs&symptoms:
This admit signs &symptoms related to body parts &organs.
Example: prototype affected,any swelling,discolouration ect.
Systemic examination:-
Different systems are examined consequence a systematic order.(Respiratory system ,digestive system,nervous system,cardio vascular mode and ect….) Vital signs
Pulse,blood pressure,temperature,respiratory rate ect are checked here.
General physical examination:
Here body parts are examined from probe to foot to findout any changes.
provisional malady diagnosis; Here looked for diseases are diagnosed. leadership homoeopathy disease diagnosis is not that intensely central thanks to the compromise of a remedy,but needed for general management and to know the prognosis.
Investigations : This includes lab investigations besides contradistinct methods to asset independent ration inconsistent major illnesses.
Final disease diagnosis:
After doing all investigations the disease is diagnosed.
Remedial diagnosis:
This is the markedly importnant ideal as downreaching seeing homoeopathy is implicated. For this the selected symptoms are arranged in a systematic order on the square one of importance. Symptoms are analysed to find independent the weight of each symptom for the verdict of a remedy.Remedies are selected on the dawning of similarity.
Suitable remedies are diagnosed by a trip called repertorisation. Here books called repertories are used. Repertory is the record of symptoms of materia medica(books which embody the symptoms of drugs).Nowadays computer softwares are used for repertorisalion.By this process we leave dispatch the remedies cope maximum money symptom of the patient.
Amoung this congregate of remedies the immensely suitable restore is selected by referring differential books and considering the life space investigation of the patient..The selected medicine is given in suitable potency & dose.
ANTI MIASMATIC TREATMENT:
The threshold go ahead of disease is miasms which should enact eradicated using suitable counteractive miasmatic drugs.Every drug care destroy the miasm if there is symptom similarity.There are anti psoric drugs,anti syphilitic drugs further contravening sycotic drugs.After diagnosing the miasm suitable adverse miasmatic drug has to represent given to complete the remedy.
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Back Pain
Back Pain
Low back pain is a usual symptom amoung the modern civilised people.It affects mainly the middle aged and young adults of both sexes.People who work on the chair with out exercise and those who carry heavy loads regularly are prone to get this complaint.We can hardly find a person who has not suffered from back pain atleast once in life.The causes of low backpain ranges from simple reasons like muscular strain to cancer of spine and hence backache should not be ignored.The pain is felt in lumbar and sacral region and may radiate to nearby sites.
The following are some causes for backache.
1) Backache due to diseases in the back.
2) Backache due to gynaecological problems.
3) Backache due to problems in other parts of the body.
1) Backache due to diseases in the back:–
a) Injuries :-
1) Compression fracture of the vertebral column.
2) Rupture of intervertebral discs.
3) Injuries to ligaments and muscles of back.
4) Lumbosacral strain.
5) Intervertebral joint injuries.
6) Fracture of processes of vertebra.
b) Functional backache due to imbalance:-
1) During pregnancy.
2) Pot belly.
3) Diseases of the hip joint.
4) Curvature in the spine due to congenital defect.
5) Short leg in one side.
c) Backache due to inflammatory conditions:-
1) Infection of the bone due to bacteria.
2) Tuberculosis of the spine.
3) Arthritis.
4) Brucellosis.
5) Lumbago or fibrositis.
6) Inflamation of the muscles.
7) Anchylosing spondylitis.
d) Backache due to degenerative diseases in the back.
1) Osteoarthritis.
2) Osteoporosis in old people.
3) Degenaration of the intervertebral disc.
e) Tumour in the spine:–
1) Primory tumour of the bones in the spine.
2) Metastatic tumours from other sites like prostate,lungs,kidneys,intestine ect.
2) Backache due to gynaecological problems:-
a) After childbirth.
b) After gynaecological operations.
c) Prolapse of the uterus.
d) Pelvic inflammatory diseases.
e) Cancerous lesions of the pelvic organs.
f) Endometriosis.
3) Backache due to problems in other parts of the body.
a) Renal stones.
b) Ureteric stone.
c) Cancer of prostate.
d) Pancreatitis.
e) Biliary stones.
f) Peptic ulcer.
g) Inflammations of pelvic organs.
h) Occlusion of aorta and illiac arteries.
Investigation of a case of backache:-
1) Complete blood count.
2) Routine urine examination.
3) Ultrasonography of the abdomen and pelvis.
4) X-ray of the lumbar and sacral region.
5) MRI of the spine.
5) CT scan of abdomen and pelvic region.
6) Examination of rectum,prostate,genito urinary organs.
Treatment of back ache:-
1) Removing the cause for backache.
2) Symptomatic treatement.
2) Back exercises.
3) Traction.
3) Yoga.
5) Surgery.
7) Homoeopathy.
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Piles (Hemorrhoids)
Piles (Hemorrhoids)
What is piles ?
Dilatation of radicles of rectal veins within the anal canal is called piles.The medical term for piles is hemorrhoids.Compared to arteries veins are weak due to thin walls and hence any backpressure in the veins can make them tortuous.There are three rectal veins namely superior, middle and inferior rectal veins.Any obstructions or increase of pressure in these veins can predispose piles.
Depending upon the situation there are two types of piles.
1) External piles. 2) Internal piles.
1) External piles:-
This type of piles is seen outside the anal opening and is covered by skin.It is black or brown in colour.This type of piles is very painful due to rich nerve supply in this area.
2) Internal piles:-
It is inside the anal canal and internal to the anal orifice.It is covered by mucous membrane and is red or purple in colour.These piles are painless.
Some times internal and external piles occure in same individual.
Factors responsible for piles:–
1) This is a familial disease.
2) Piles is seen only in animals maintain an erect posture. This is due to congestion in the rectal veins due to the effect of gravity.
3) It is common in individuals having chronic constipation.Those who have a habit of visiting the toilet due to frequent urge for stool may develop piles in future.
4) Piles is common in those who take excess of chicken, prawns, spicy food ect.Those who take vegetables and fibrous food are rarely affected.
5) Some ladies get piles during pregnancy due to compression of rectal veins by the uterus.
6) Cancerous lesions in the rectum can obstruct blood flow and result in piles.
Signs and symptoms of piles:–
1) Pain:-
Pain is common in external piles which will be worse while straining at stool.
2) Bleeding:-
Bleeding comes in splashes while pressing for stool.Bleeding may be profuse in some cases.
3) Protruding mass:-
In external piles the swelling can be felt around the anal orifice.In case of internal piles initially it can not be felt.When the disease progresses the piles protrude during stool and will go inside automatically.When the condition becomes worse the protruded piles will not go back in to the anus.
4) In some cases there will be discharge of mucus with itching around the anal orifice.
Complications of piles:–
1,Infection: The infection can spread to deep veins resulting in septicaemia.
2,Fibrosis: Here the piles become fibrosed with hardening of anal orifice.
3,Thrombosis: Here the blood inside the piles will form clots and can obstruct blood flow.
4,Gangrene: Here the tissues in the piles and nearby skin die due to lack of blood supply.
5,Suppuration: When the piles suppurate it can produce abscess with discharge of pus.
Treatment of piles:–
Initially it is treated on the basis of symptoms.Constipation should be treated.If there is anaemia iron should be give.Homoeopathic medicines can give good results. If medicinal treatment is not giving any result the following can be tried.
1) The thrombosed external pile is excised under local anaesthesia.
2) Sclerosant injection therapy can reduce the size of piles.
3) Rubber band ligation around the neck of piles is useful in some cases.
4) Cryosurgery is very effective.
5) Anal dilatation can reduce constipation and pain.
6) Haemorrhoidectomy is the surgical removal of piles.
How to prevent piles?
1) Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables.
2) Take fibrous food.
3) Avoid excess intake of meat,prawns,crabs ect.
4) Keep a regular timing for food.
6) Drink sufficient quantity of water.
7) Keep a regularity in bowel habits.
Take treatment for constipation.
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Nails
Nails
Introduction:
The nails are present at the end of each finger tip on the dorsal surface.The main function of nail is protection and it also helps for a firm grip for holding articles.It consists of a strong relatively flexible keratinous nail plate originating from the nail matrix. Under the nail plate there is a soft tissue called nail bed.Between the skin and nail plate there is a nail fold or cuticle.Normal healthy nail is slight pink in colour and the surface is convex from side to side.Finger nails grow 1 cm in three months and toe nails take 24 months for the same.
Importance of nails in disease diagnosis:
The colour ,appearance,shape and nature of the nails give some information about the general health and hygiene of a person . Nails are examined as a routine by all doctors to get some clues about underlying diseases.Just looking at nails we can makeout the hygiene of a person.The abnormal nail may be congenital or due to some diseases.The cause for changes in the nail extend from simple reasons to life threatening diseases.Hence the examination by a doctor is essential for diagnosis .Some abnormal findings with probable causes are discussed here for general awareness.
1) Hygiene:-
We can make out an unhygienic nail very easily .Deposition of dirt under the distal end of nail plate can make a chance for ingestion of pathogens while eating.If nail cutting is not done properly it can result in worm troubles in children.When the worms crawl in the anal orifice children will scratch which lodges the ova of worms under the nails and will be taken in while eating.Prominent nail can also complicate a skin disease by habitual scratching.Sharp nails in small kids cause small wounds when they do feet kicking or hand waving.
2) Colour of the nails:-
a) Nails become pale in anaemia.
b) Opaque white discolouration(leuconychia) is seen in chronic renal failure and nephrotic syndrome.
c) Whitening is also seen in hypoalbuminaemia as in cirrhosis and kidney disorders.
d) Drugs like sulpha group,anti malarial and antibiotics ect can produce discolouration in the nails.
e) Fungal infection causes black discolouration.
f) In pseudomonas infection nails become black or green.
g) Nail bed infarction occures in vasculitis especially in SLE and polyarteritis.
h) Red dots are seen in nails due to splinter haemorrhages in subacute bacterial endo carditis, rheumatoid arthritis, trauma, collagen vascular diseases.
i) Blunt injury produces haemorrhage and causes blue/black discolouration.
j) Nails become brown in kidney diseases and in decreased adrenal activity.
k) In wilsons disease blue colour in semicircle appears in the nail.
l) When the blood supply decreases nail become yellow .In jaundice and psoriasis also nail become yellowish.
m) In yellow nail syndrome all nails become yellowish with pleural effusion.
3) Shape of nails:-
a) Clubbing: Here tissues at the base of nails are thickened and the angle between the nail base and the skin is obliterated. The nail becomes more convex and the finger tip becomes bulbous and looks like an end of a drumstick. When the condition becomes worse the nail looks like a parrot beak.
Causes of clubbing:-
Congenital Injuries
Severe chronic cyanosis
Lung diseases like empyema,bronchiactesis,carcinoma of bronchus and pulmonary tuberculosis.
Abdominal diseases like crohn’s disease,polyposis of colon,ulcerative colitis,liver cirrhosis ect…
Heart diseases like fallot’s tetralogy,subacute bacterial endocarditis and ect..
b) Koilonychia:-
Here the nails become concave like a spoon.This condition is seen in iron deficiency anaemia.In this condition the nails become thin,soft and brittle.The normal convexity will be replaced by concavity.
c) Longitudinal ridging is seen in raynaud’s disease.
d) Cuticle becomes ragged in dermatomyositis.
e) Nail fold telangiectasia is a sign in dermatomyositis ,systemic sclerosis and SLE.
4) Structure and consistancy:-
a) Fungal infection of nail causes discolouration,deformity,hypertrophy and abnormal brittleness.
b) Thimble pitting of nail is charecteristic of psoriasis ,acute eczema and alopecia aereata.
c) The inflamation of cuticle or nail fold is called paronychia.
d) Onycholysis is the seperation of nail bed seen in psoriasis,infection and after taking tetracyclines.
e) Destruction of nail is seen in lichen planus,epidermolysis bullosa.
f) Missing nail is seen in nail patella syndrome.It is a hereditary disease.
g) Nails become brittle in raynauds disease and gangrene.
h) Falling of nail is seen in fungal infection,psoriasis and thyroid diseases.
5) Growth:-
Reduction in blood supply affects the growth of nails. Nail growth is also affected in severe ilness. when the disease disappears the growth starts again resulting in formation of transverse ridges.These lines are called Beau’s lines and are healpful to date the onset of illness.
Posted in health care limb, health tips, Nail | Tags: abnormal findings, anaemia, Auto, chronic renal failure, colour appearance, congenital, Diagnosis, disease diagnosis, disease introduction, dorsal surface, Draft, finger nails, function, grip, Health, health and hygiene, leuconychia, life threatening diseases, nail, nail bed, nail matrix, nail plate, person, probable causes, skin, SLE, subacute, surface, tip, tissue, toe, toe nails | No Comments »
Combing Hair
Combing Hair
Hair combing is a routine activity of almost all people.Some people keep a particular hair style throughout their life and some especially younger generation adopt new styles according to new trends and fashion.Hair styles has got close relation with the personality of a person.The hair of an unhygeinic person is usually tangled and dirty because of lack of washing and combing.To have a healthy scalp hair proper nutrition is needed.General health has got direct relation with the quality and quantity of hair.Regular washing,use of hair oil,proper combing ect are also needed to make the hair beautiful.General hints for combing is discussed here.
1) Different varieties of combs are available in the market.The best comb is selected by considering the nature of hair(hard or soft,long or short) ,style and convenience.
2) Combing should be done with utmost care and concentration.Some people especially gents think about some other matters and comb without any care which may be harmful to the hairs.
3) Combing should be gentle .A vigorous combing can increase hairfalling.
4) Do not comb if the hair is wet. First dry it with a towel and then put some oil and gently massage it.Now the combing will be easy and harmless.
5) Should not be combed in the opposite direction of hairs.This can increase hair falling.
6) Vigorous combing in backward direction can produce traction baldness.
7) Frequent combing can damage the scalp and the hair follicles.Those who carry pocket comb use it frequently and make it a habit.Combing two or three times in a day is sufficient.
The tooth of the comb should not be sharp and it should not be pressed too tightly on the scalp.
9) Always clean the comb before and after use because hair and dirt deposited in the gap will make combing diffucult and painful.
10) Others comb should not be used.This helps to prevent fungal and bacterial infections.Head lice can also spread from one person to other by sharing the combs.
11) Combing the tangled hair is difficult and painful.Hence use some shampoo for cleaning and after drying put oil and make the hairs free for an easy combing.
Posted in Hair, health care limb, health tips | Tags: Auto, bacterial infections, baldness, Combing, combing hair, convenience, direction, Draft, falling, fashion, fashion hair, General, habit, hair follicles, hair hair, hair oil, hair style, hair styles, head lice, life, nature, oil, person, personality, pocket comb, proper nutrition, put, routine activity, scalp hair, style, use, utmost care, younger generation | No Comments »
Tongue
Posted in health care limb, health solution, health tips | Tags: Acute, anaemia, Auto, body, characteristic changes, circulatory failure, colour, delirium tremens, diabetes, Diagnosis, disease diagnosis, Draft, fever, function, gastrointestinal system, heat exhaustion, hyponatraemia, hypovolumic shock, Introduction, mirror, muscular organ, nervous patients, obstruction, papillae, progressive bulbar palsy, rhythmic movements, state, taste, Tongue, tongue moves, tremulus, typhoid, volume depletion | Comments Closed
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy
It is a non progressive neuromuscular disorder causing mild to severe disabilities throughout life.This condition is manifested as a group of persisting qualitative motor disorders which appear in young children due to damage to the brain during delivery or due to some pathological conditions in the intrauterine life.The neuroligical problems are multiple but non progressive in nature.Approximately 2 per 100 live birth is having this problem.This disease is having no hereditary tendency.
Causes of cerebral palsy:
1) Injury to the brain during delivery.
2) As a complication of forceps delivery.
3) Lack of oxygen supply to the baby during delivery.
4) Infections during delivery.
Signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy:–
The signs and symptoms may not be similar in all babies affected.Depending upon the damage to the brain there may be mild to severe lesions.
Mild cases:- 20% children will have mild disability.
Moderate cases:-50% cases are having moderate disability.The affected children require self help for assisting their impaired ambulation capacity.
Severe cases:-About 30% of the affected children are totally incapacited and bedridden and they allways need care from others.
Abnormal findings in cerebral palsy:-
1,Abnormal neonatal reflexes.
2,Stiffness of all muscles with awkward motion.
3,Extention of extremities on vertical suspension of the infant.
4,Scissoring of the lower limbs due to spasm of the adductor muscles of the thigh.
5,In severe cases the back bend backwards like and arch.
6,May have total or partial paralysis.
7,Arrest of neurological and behavioral developement.
8,Swallowing may be difficult in some cases.
9,Drooling of saliva.
10,Mild to severe mental retardations.
11,Abnormal movements are seen in some cases.
12,Tremors with typical movements.
13,If cerebellum is affected there will be loss of muscle tone with difficulty in walking.
14,Complete or partial loss of hearing.
15,Speech may be affected.
16,Squint and other visual problems may be associated.
17,Convulsions may be seen in some children.
Cerebral palsy is diagnosed by detailed clinical examination and by eliminating other similar diseases like brain tumour, progressive atrophy ect.All investigations like CT scan,MRI and routine investigations are needed to ruleout other diseases.
Management of carebral palsy:–
General management:
This includes proper nutrition and personal care. Symptomatic medicines are needed to reduce convulsions and muscle stiffness. Diazepam can reduce spasticity and athetosis.
Dantrolene sodium helps to relax skeletal muscles.
Physiotherapy:
Here massage,exercise, hydrotherapy and ect are needed.Special training is given to train walking,swallowing and talking.The affected children are also trained to hold articles for routine activities.
Rehabilitation:
Moral and social support should be given to these children.They should be send to special schools where special training can be given by trained staff.Mentally retarded children need special training.Depending up on the disabitity special instruments and machines are given for locomotion and to assist their daytoday activities.
Occupational therapy:
This is given by occupational therapists.They train the disabled people to do some suitable works so that these people can have their own income.
Posted in disease, health solution, health tips | Tags: Abnormal, abnormal findings, abnormal movements, adductor muscles, birth, causes of cerebral palsy, Cerebral, delivery signs, disease, help, hereditary tendency, intrauterine life, lack of oxygen, life, loss, Moderate, moderate cases, motor, nature, neonatal, neonatal reflexes, oxygen, oxygen supply, Palsy, partial paralysis, progressive neuromuscular disorder, self, signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy, symptoms of cerebral palsy, training | No Comments »